![]() Previous studies showed that expanding sun would engulf Mercury and Venus, while Mars would remain safely out of reach. Simulations show the sun eventually expanding to around 250 times its current size. ![]() Helium burning leads to higher core temperatures that would cause the sun to start swelling into a red giant, around 5 billion years from now. But mid-size stars like the sun experience a more gradual transformation, after they consume the last of their hydrogen fuel and start burning helium. Larger stars typically meet their end in spectacular supernova explosions, and leave behind either neutron stars or black holes.
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